Introduction to Ethics – 50 MCQs

 

A. Concept & Nature of Ethics

1. Ethics is mainly concerned with:
A) Laws
B) Profits
C) Moral principles
D) Technology

✅ Answer: C
📝 Explanation: Ethics deals with moral values of right and wrong.

2. The word ‘Ethics’ is derived from the Greek word:
A) Logos
B) Ethos
C) Pathos
D) Chronos

✅ Answer: B
📝 Explanation: Ethos means character or conduct.

3. Ethics helps in determining:
A) Market price
B) Right and wrong behavior
C) Business size
D) Technology usage

✅ Answer: B
📝 Explanation: Ethics guides moral behavior.

4. Ethics is a branch of:
A) Economics
B) Sociology
C) Philosophy
D) Psychology

✅ Answer: C
📝 Explanation: Ethics is a philosophical discipline.

5. Ethics is concerned with:
A) Facts
B) Values
C) Statistics
D) Machines

✅ Answer: B
📝 Explanation: Ethics focuses on values and moral judgments.

B. Ethics, Values, and Behaviour

6. Values refer to:
A) Market rules
B) Moral beliefs
C) Legal systems
D) Business size

✅ Answer: B
📝 Explanation: Values are beliefs that guide behavior.

7. Ethics influence:
A) Only profits
B) Individual behavior
C) Machinery
D) Production speed

✅ Answer: B
📝 Explanation: Ethics shape how individuals behave.

8. Which of the following is a value?
A) Honesty
B) Salary
C) Technology
D) Advertisement

✅ Answer: A
📝 Explanation: Honesty is a moral value.

9. Ethical behavior means:
A) Legal behavior only
B) Moral and fair behavior
C) Profitable behavior
D) Competitive behavior

✅ Answer: B
📝 Explanation: Ethical behavior follows moral principles.

10. Values are:
A) Fixed forever
B) Developed over time
C) Unimportant
D) Illegal

✅ Answer: B
📝 Explanation: Values evolve with society and experience.

C. Development of Ethics

11. Ethics develop from:
A) Machines
B) Society and culture
C) Computers
D) Profit

✅ Answer: B
📝 Explanation: Ethics are influenced by social norms.

12. Family plays a role in developing ethics by:
A) Teaching morals
B) Giving salary
C) Teaching accounting
D) Teaching marketing

✅ Answer: A
📝 Explanation: Family is the first source of moral education.

13. Education helps in ethics development by:
A) Providing degrees
B) Teaching moral reasoning
C) Teaching software
D) Teaching sales

✅ Answer: B
📝 Explanation: Education improves ethical understanding.

14. Religion contributes to ethics by:
A) Laws only
B) Moral teachings
C) Business rules
D) Technology

✅ Answer: B
📝 Explanation: Religions promote moral conduct.

15. Ethics are learned through:
A) Birth
B) Experience and learning
C) Machines
D) Profits

✅ Answer: B
📝 Explanation: Ethical understanding grows with learning.

D. Relevance of Ethics and Values in Business

16. Business ethics promote:
A) Corruption
B) Trust
C) Monopoly
D) Loss

✅ Answer: B
📝 Explanation: Ethical businesses gain trust.

17. Ethics in business help in:
A) Long-term success
B) Quick profit only
C) Tax evasion
D) Fraud

✅ Answer: A
📝 Explanation: Ethical practices ensure sustainability.

18. Ethical business improves:
A) Employee morale
B) Employee stress
C) Conflict
D) Fraud

✅ Answer: A
📝 Explanation: Fair practices motivate employees.

19. Customers prefer companies that are:
A) Aggressive
B) Ethical
C) Secretive
D) Illegal

✅ Answer: B
📝 Explanation: Ethics build customer loyalty.

20. Ethics help business in:
A) Building reputation
B) Avoiding responsibility
C) Manipulating customers
D) Tax evasion

✅ Answer: A
📝 Explanation: Ethical conduct enhances goodwill.

E. Importance of Ethics in Business

21. Ethical business reduces:
A) Trust
B) Legal risk
C) Customers
D) Sales

✅ Answer: B
📝 Explanation: Ethics help avoid legal issues.

22. Ethics guide decision-making by:
A) Increasing confusion
B) Providing moral framework
C) Reducing options
D) Ignoring values

✅ Answer: B
📝 Explanation: Ethics guide right decisions.

23. Corporate social responsibility is linked with:
A) Ethics
B) Accounting
C) Marketing
D) Production

✅ Answer: A
📝 Explanation: CSR is based on ethical responsibility.

24. Ethical organizations focus on:
A) Profit only
B) Stakeholder welfare
C) Competition only
D) Advertising

✅ Answer: B
📝 Explanation: Ethics considers all stakeholders.

25. Ethics improve employee loyalty because:
A) Fear
B) Fair treatment
C) High pressure
D) Strict rules

✅ Answer: B
📝 Explanation: Fairness builds loyalty.

F. Arguments Against Business Ethics

26. One argument against business ethics is:
A) Ethics reduce profit
B) Ethics increase trust
C) Ethics improve image
D) Ethics support society

✅ Answer: A
📝 Explanation: Critics say ethics increase costs.

27. Some believe business ethics:
A) Are unnecessary
B) Are essential
C) Increase quality
D) Improve morale

✅ Answer: A
📝 Explanation: Critics argue business should focus on profit.

28. Argument against ethics states business goal is:
A) Social service
B) Profit maximization
C) Employee welfare
D) Public good

✅ Answer: B
📝 Explanation: Profit is seen as the main objective.

29. According to critics, ethics:
A) Are personal matters
B) Are legal requirements
C) Improve society
D) Increase goodwill

✅ Answer: A
📝 Explanation: They say ethics differ person to person.

30. Which is NOT an argument against ethics?
A) Ethics increase cost
B) Ethics cause confusion
C) Ethics build trust
D) Ethics reduce competitiveness

✅ Answer: C
📝 Explanation: Building trust supports ethics, not opposes it.

G. Ethics vs Law

31. Ethics are:
A) Same as law
B) Wider than law
C) Narrower than law
D) Illegal

✅ Answer: B
📝 Explanation: Ethics include moral duties beyond law.

32. Legal action without ethics can be:
A) Moral
B) Immoral
C) Ethical
D) Fair

✅ Answer: B
📝 Explanation: Legal actions may still be unethical.

33. Law focuses on:
A) Morality only
B) Minimum standards
C) Values only
D) Emotions

✅ Answer: B
📝 Explanation: Law sets minimum acceptable behavior.

34. Ethics focus on:
A) External control
B) Internal conscience
C) Punishment
D) Enforcement

✅ Answer: B
📝 Explanation: Ethics guide personal conscience.

35. Ethics are enforced by:
A) Police
B) Courts
C) Self-discipline
D) Government

✅ Answer: C
📝 Explanation: Ethics depend on self-control.

H. Ethics in Modern Business

36. Ethical business leads to:
A) Short-term loss
B) Long-term sustainability
C) Business failure
D) Employee fear

✅ Answer: B
📝 Explanation: Ethics ensure long-term growth.

37. Transparency in business is related to:
A) Ethics
B) Marketing
C) Production
D) Finance

✅ Answer: A
📝 Explanation: Transparency is an ethical principle.

38. Ethical leadership means:
A) Authoritarian control
B) Leading by moral example
C) Profit focus
D) Ignoring values

✅ Answer: B
📝 Explanation: Ethical leaders model moral behavior.

39. Unethical practices may lead to:
A) Business growth
B) Legal penalties
C) Customer trust
D) Employee loyalty

✅ Answer: B
📝 Explanation: Unethical actions cause legal issues.

40. Ethical codes help organizations by:
A) Creating confusion
B) Guiding employee behavior
C) Increasing corruption
D) Reducing productivity

✅ Answer: B
📝 Explanation: Codes define acceptable conduct.

I. Miscellaneous

41. Ethics help resolve:
A) Moral dilemmas
B) Technical errors
C) System crashes
D) Accounting mistakes

✅ Answer: A
📝 Explanation: Ethics guide moral decision-making.

42. Ethical culture is built through:
A) Rules only
B) Leadership example
C) Punishment
D) Fear

✅ Answer: B
📝 Explanation: Leaders influence ethical culture.

43. Ethical failure harms:
A) Only employees
B) Only customers
C) Organization reputation
D) Machines

✅ Answer: C
📝 Explanation: Reputation damage affects business.

44. Business ethics focus on:
A) Individual ethics only
B) Corporate behavior
C) Personal profit
D) Market share

✅ Answer: B
📝 Explanation: Business ethics deal with organizational conduct.

45. Ethics encourage:
A) Fair competition
B) Monopoly
C) Exploitation
D) Corruption

✅ Answer: A
📝 Explanation: Ethics promote fair practices.

46. Ethical values include:
A) Greed
B) Integrity
C) Fraud
D) Manipulation

✅ Answer: B
📝 Explanation: Integrity is a core ethical value.

47. Ethics guide managers in:
A) Decision-making
B) Programming
C) Advertising design
D) Accounting

✅ Answer: A
📝 Explanation: Ethics help make fair decisions.

48. Ethics promote:
A) Short-term profit
B) Sustainable development
C) Illegal activities
D) Secrecy

✅ Answer: B
📝 Explanation: Ethics ensure sustainable growth.

49. Ethical organizations are more:
A) Trusted
B) Feared
C) Secretive
D) Risky

✅ Answer: A
📝 Explanation: Ethics build trust.

50. Ethics in business ultimately aim at:
A) Profit maximization only
B) Social welfare and fairness
C) Market domination
D) Tax avoidance

✅ Answer: B
📝 Explanation: Ethics balance profit with social responsibility.

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